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A curb bit is one of the basic types of bit used on a bridle and works by leverage, meaning that it multiplies the pressure applied by the rider. This is what makes it different from a snaffle bit, which applies direct rein pressure from the riders hand to the horses mouth. It features a bit mouthpiece, a curb chain and shank. The shank has one ring on each side of the purchase arm as well as on its lever arm.

The different parts of the bridle, which are the curb chain, shanks and straps, are attached to the bit mouthpiece. A bit mouthpiece is the part that controls the pressure on the horses tongue, roof of the mouth and bars. It determines that severity as well as the action of the bit.

The curb chain, which is the flat linked chain or strap, is attached on either side of the mouthpiece near the corners of the mouth. This places pressure from the shank to the chin groove. A curb chain is used to control the lever action of the curb bit. Also, it helps keep the bit steady and in place within the mouth and helps to hold the lip strap in place.

A bit shank is a cheekpiece of a curb bit, which adds leverage and place pressure on the poll through the crown piece of the bridle. This is where the bridle and the reins are attached. Shanks are typically made of metal and are designed straight or curved.

Curb bits come in different styles such as Weymouth curb, grazing bit and spade bit, which are the most common types. A Weymouth curb features a straight shank and a solid mouthpiece with a low port. A grazing bit has shanks that are turned back, usually, nearly 90 degrees. A spade bit is a vaquero designed curb bit with straight, highly decorated shanks and a mouthpiece with straight bar, a narrow port with cricket and a spoon.

There are several variables that can cause the severity of the curb bit. One is the length of the shank, and two, is the size of the port. The length of the bit shank can amplify rein pressure. A port, which is the area in the middle of the mouthpiece that is usually slightly raised, places more pressure on the bars.

Another factor that can affect the severity of the curb bit is the tightness or looseness of the curb chain. This factor affects the shank and may cause the horse to either feel more pressure or not feel any pressure at all. If the curb chain is tighter, the horse will feel more pressure when the rider uses the rein. If the curb chain is loose, the horse may not feel the pressure as soon or as much.

Tags: Horses

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